KOMPOSISI VEGETASI, POLA SEBARAN DAN FAKTOR HABITAT Ficus magnoliifolia (NUNU PISANG) DI HUTAN PANGALE, DESA TORO, SULAWESI TENGAH

Ficus magnoliifolia (nunu pisang) has an important role in ecology. Ecological on the other hand, Moma community in the Toro village, Central Sulawesi use it for their daily need. Ecological aspect of nunu pisang is important for its conservation due to its sustainable utilization. The aims of this research were to determine and describe the vegetation composition, the distribution pattern and habitat factors of nunu pisang in Pangale forest by terraced path method. Data was analyzed by vegetation analysis, distribution pattern, diversity index, similarity index of communities, association interspecies and habitat factors. The research was conducted from January to March 2015. The result showed that nunu pisang found in the growth stage of epiphytes, hemyepifit, strangler, and tree but mostly in tree. The distribution pattern of nunu pisang’s tree was clumped. Its associations with other species were very low (<0,22) and low (0,27). The important habitat factor of nunu pisang were soil temperature, soil moisture and trees density

KERAGAMAN DAN KELIMPAHAN MAMALIA DI PERKEBUNAN SAWIT PT SUKSES TANI NUSASUBUR KALIMANTAN TIMUR

Conversion of primary forests into oil palm plantations in Indonesia is one of the major causes of habitat loss and threats to mammal diversity. Mammals are typically the taxa that receives negative impact of the convertions. This study provided information about the vegetation structure as habitat for mammals, as well as the diversity and abundance of mammals in high conservation value areas. Data collected through direct observation on the transect for large mammals and live-trapping for small mammals. Total species of mammals were found in all habitats types observed (karst habitats, palm oil plantation and secondary forests) are 25 species. In karst habitat was found as many as 17 species with a total abundance 12.41 individuals/ha, in the palm oil plantation area 12 species with a total abundance 4.29 individuals/ha, and in the secondary forest habitat as much as 6 species with a total abundance of 3.92 individuals/ha. Species diversity index in karst habitat H'=2.38±0.35, palm oil plantation area H'=2.13±0.67, and secondary forests H’=1.65±0.48. Hylobates muelleri, Rusa unicolor and Tragulus napu are a protected species found in karst habitat. Keywords: diversity index, high conservation value area, mammals, palm oil plantatio

ANALISIS FAKTOR EKOLOGI TUMBUHAN LANGKA ROTAN BEULA Ceratolobus glaucescens Blume DI CAGAR ALAM SUKAWAYANA SUKABUMI JAWA BARAT

Indonesian forest possesses a huge number of rare plants species but support of data and information that have supported preservation action was not available optimally. One of rare plant is rotan beula (Ceratolobus galucescens Blume). The aims of this study is to determine the structure, composition, and diversity vegetation which grows at habitat of rotan beula; to know the population condition of rotan beula; and to identify the ecological factors of rotan beula. Data was collected from 7 of circular plot sample. The width of every circular plot was 0.1 ha. The processing and analysis of data was done using Minitab's program version 14. The result showed the condition of rotan beula populations was well, they still grow normally. This conditions was described with young age (446 individuals) is more than the total of Rotan beula in old age (162 individuals). The sustainability of rotan beula population at Sukawayana Natural Reserve (SNR) was being threatened by society activity surround the SNR. The other, the abundance of Rotan beula was affected by density of pole level (n=7; t=7.81; p=0.001) and relative humidity of air (n=7; t=12.10; p=0.000). It can be formulated with regression:  rotan beula density = -1155 + 0.154 density of pole + 13.9 relative humidity of air. The R2 value of formulation was 98,53%. Key word:  Rare plant, ecological factor, preservation, Ceratolobus galucescens Blume.

ETNOBOTANI DAN KONSERVASI KETIMUNAN/Timonius timon (Spreng.) Merr. PADA MASYARAKAT LOKAL SUKU KANUME DI TAMAN NASIONAL WASUR PAPUA

Ethnobotany study ketimunan/Timonius Timon (Spreng.) Merr. in local communities of Kanume Tribe aims to identify the knowledge and utilization ketimunan in local communities of  Kanume Tribe in Wasur National Park Papua. The research was conducted on the month in December 2014 until in February 2015 in the village of Yanggandur. Respondent conducted with quota sampling with the number of respondents 40 people. Methods of data collection is done by interviewing respondents by questionnaire. Data analysis was performed through frequency distribution. The results showed that the knowledge and utilization ketimunan in local communities of Kanume tribe rate used as medicinal plants to cure some diseases, such as abdominal pain (diarrhea), fever and stop the bleeding. The number of respondents who know ketimunan as a medicinal plant by 87.5% and not 12.5%. The number of respondents who know and can utilize ketimunan as a medicinal plant by 75% and not by 25%. In addition, the knowledge and utilization ketimunan by Kanume rate used for other purposes, namely as a substitute ingredient nut (Areca catechu L.) and a mixture of local drinks "sagero". The number of respondents who know ketimunan for other uses amounted to 82.5%, which is by 15% and the hesitation of 2.5%. Wherein, the number of respondents who know and can utilize ketimunan for other uses by 65%, which is 32.5% and the hesitation of 2.5%. Based on the calculation results show that ignorance towards ketimunan in the local community of Kanume tribes as a medicinal plant found in the 10-24 year age class. Utilization ketimunan of Kanume tribal communities still take from nature and has not been conducted on this plant breeding activities. Keywords: Ethnobotany, Kanume, Ketimunan

Habitat Preference of Surili Gunung Ciremai National Park

Conversion of natural forest into plantation forest at Gunung Ciremai which managed by Perum Perhutani for three decades, gaves significant destructive impacts to sulrili’s habitat and triggering surili to disperse to the more secure habitat.  After the change of forest function to conservation forest in 2004, preference habitat surili is unknowing. Therefore, the initial step of the conservation efforts to restore population were by analyzing the habitat preferences surili. Chi-square analysis and Neu analysis was used to analyze the habitat preferences surili. Research carried out from September to November 2016 in Gunung Ciremai National Park. Preferential habitats characteristic of surili on Gunung Ciremai National Park are such as elevation from 1.500 to 2.400 m above sea level, densely forest stand >50%, distance to the edge of the forest (0-665meter), distance to the settlement (0-806 meters), distance to the hiking trail (0- 1572 meters), surface temperature 16,3-18,5°C, steep slope (25-40%), preference for habitats that is secondary forest cover. Keywords: Gunung Ciremai  National Park, preferential habitat, suril

TREE SPECIES COMPOSITION OF 1.8 HA PLOT SAMBOJA RESEARCH FOREST: 28 YEARS AFTER INITIAL FIRE

Repeated forest fires highly impact on tree species composition. Forest planning requires information about the current condition of species composition. This paper investigates the current tree composition of natural regeneration after repeated forest fires, regeneration process after repeated fires, and strategy of secondary growth related to ecological restoration issues. Re-observation of the 1.8 hectares permanent plot in Samboja Research Forest was conducted in 2011. All trees with diameters above 10 cm at breast height (DBH) were re-numbered and mapped. Herbarium specimen was collected for species identification. Number of taxon was determined, Important Value Index was calculated, species trait of light response was identified based on the references and dispersion index species was calculated. Results show after twenty eight years initial forest fire, 191 species naturally regenerated in the burnt area. Macaranga gigantea, a light demanding pioneer species of Euphorbiaceae was the most dominant species, followed by Vernonia arborea belonging to Asteraceae. Both, M. gigantea and V. arborea had clumped distribution. Eight species identified survived from repeated fires, are Anthocephalus chinensis, Dipterocarpus cornutus, Diospyros borneensis, Eusideroxylon zwageri, Shorea ovalis, Syzygium borneensis, Pholidocarpus majadum and Vatica umbonata. All surviving species was distributed uniformly in the plot. Dominant pioneer species which has grown after repeated fires indicates that the current condition of burnt forest is in the early succession. Protecting forest, assisting natural regeneration and monitoring dominant species are suggested as activities for the ecological restoration

Habitat Selection and Activity Pattern of GPS Collared Sumateran Tigers

Although translocation has been used in mitigating human-carnivore conflict for decades, few studies have been conducted on the behavioral ecology of released animals. Such information is necessary in the context of sustainable forest management. In this study we determine the type of land cover used as main habitat and examine the activity pattern of translocated tigers. Between 2008 and 2010 we captured six conflict tigers and translocated them 74-1,350 km from their capture sites in Sumatera. All tigers were fitted with global positioning system (GPS) collars. The collars were set to fix 24-48 location coordinates per day.  All translocated tigers showed a preference for a certain habitat type within their new home range, and tended to select the majority of natural land cover type within the landscape as their main habitat, but the availability of natural forest habitat within the landscape remains essensial for their survival. The activity of male translocated tigers differed significantly between the six time intervals of 24 hours, and their most active periods were in the afternoon (14:00-18:00 hours) and in the evening (18:00-22:00 hours). Despite being preliminary, the findings of this study-which was the first such study conducted in Sumatera-highlight the conservation value of tiger translocation and provide valuable information for improving future management of conflict tigers

PERGERAKAN LUTUNG JAWA Trachypithecus auratus (E. Geoffroy 1812) PADA FRAGMEN HABITAT TERISOLASI DI TAMAN WISATA ALAM GUNUNG PANCAR (TWAGP) BOGOR

Javan langur is protected spesies of primates that highly threatened. Habitat degradation as a major threat causes javan langur Trachypithecus auratus (E. Geoffroy 1812) populations living in isolated habitat fragments. The research was carried out to determine the daily movement of javan langur in TWAGP as form of adaptation in isolated habitat fragments. The study was conducted in May-June 2012 by using focal animal sampling method. Vegetation analysis was performed with a point centered quarter method. The results showed that there were three major land cover types used by the Javan langur, i.e. forest, transitional forest-cultivation and cultivation. The dominant activity occurred in transisional forest-cultivation habitat (48.19%). The highest proportion of activity wass resting (33.65%) followed by feeding (30.68%), moving (27.08%) and social activities (8.60%). Based on the variations of vegetation strata, the dominant activity performed at stratum C(4-20 meters) accounted for 80.07%

Analisis kebutuhan pegawai di Balai Taman Nasional Alas Purwo

Every year, starting from 2015-2019, the effectiveness of Alas Purwo National Park (APNP) management is evaluated, by using the Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool (METT). This assessment system requires valid data and information for objective results. One of the data and information needed is the result of staffs requirement analysis. The objective of this research is to analyze the need of staffs of APNP Office in 2017-2019. The study began in May 2017 until January 2018 and took place at APNP Office in Banyuwangi and in Staffing, Organization and Governance Office of the Secretariat of the Directorate General of Natural Resources Conservation and Ecosystem in Bogor. The data collected by observation, discussion and document study result. The analysis begins by calculating the staffs inventory, then calculating the required staffs based on the workload and ending by calculating the adequacy of the staffs. The results show that Overall, the number of staffs at BTNAP in 2017-2019 has exceeded the number of staffs required, but in function (administrative and technical personnel) there is still inequality, especially in the position of data analysts, data processors, and revenue treasurer

KARAKTERISTIK HABITAT DAN WILAYAH JELAJAH BEKANTAN DI HUTAN MANGROVE DESA NIPAH PANJANG KECAMATAN BATU AMPAR KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA PROVINSI KALIMANTAN BARAT

Proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus Wurmb, 1787) is a member of the subfamily Colobinae which is a riverine dwelling, sexually dimorphic species endemic to the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. This species was protected by Indonesian law No. 5/1990, categorized as vulnerable (A2c) on IUCN Red Data Book 2008, and protected under CITES Appendix I. Characteristics of habitat type occupied by proboscis monkey were dominated by vegetation types as Rhizophora apiculata, R. mucronata, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and B. parviflora. Length of distance between sites used for daily activity with river bodies was about 158.4±75.4 m. Home range of proboscis monkey on mangrove and riverine forest at Nipah Panjang Village was about 13.4 ha to 38 ha. Daily range of this species was about 904.2±117.1 m/day, maximum radius of daily movement 371.3±46.6 m and night position shift 191.5±65.3 m. Total number of individual in each proboscys monkey group in riverine and mangrove forest on Nipah Panjang Village was 18 ± 5 (=0.05).Keywords: Proboscis monkey, home range, habitat characteristic, groups size, daily rang